The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts

September 01, 2023

The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts is a liturgical service in the Byzantine Rite that is celebrated on the weekdays of Great Lent. The word "presanctified" refers to the consecrated gifts of the Body and Blood of Christ (Holy Communion) that are distributed to the faithful during the service. The gifts of bread and wine are consecrated at a previous Divine Liturgy, and are brought to the altar during the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts.

The service begins with Vespers, which includes readings from the Old Testament, the Psalms, and the Gospels. After Vespers, the priest transfers the Presanctified Gifts from the altar table to the table of oblation. The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts then continues with the following parts:

The Great Entrance, in which the priest brings the presanctified gifts to the altar.
The Cherubic Hymn, which is a hymn of praise to Christ as the King of Glory.
The distribution of Holy Communion.

In the modern Byzantine rite, the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts has preserved many ancient elements that have been lost in the usual vespers. This is, for example, the rite of remaining light, when the priest blesses people with an open candle, saying at the same time, "The light of Christ enlightens everyone." Or the ancient rite of offering evening incense during Psalm 140.

The rationale behind the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts is to allow the faithful to partake in the Eucharistic presence of Christ during the fasting period of Great Lent, while still maintaining the penitential character of the season. Since the consecration does not occur during this service, it reflects the sombre and introspective nature of Lent, emphasizing fasting, prayer, and spiritual reflection.

The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts is a beautiful and moving service that helps the faithful to grow in their love for Christ and to prepare for the coming of Easter.